英语常用语法(十)

发布时间:2016-11-26

目前,AEAS考试报名受到的关注越来越高,AEAS培训录取竞争越来越激烈。这里应广大学子的要求,澳大利亚中学入学考试网为大提供AEAS真题模拟成绩提升技巧,这次介绍的是英语常用语法(十)。

词组(Phrases)和子句(Clauses)

请看以下的句子,特别注意划线的字群:

1.      Understanding English is easy.

2.      I want you to work hard.

3.      Peter, who has been to England, speaks good English.

4.      I told him that I was going away.

Understanding English和to work hard有一共同特色,他们都没有主词,也没有动词,这种字群,叫做词组(phrase)。

Who has been to England和I was going away中,内部都有主词和动词,这种字群,叫子句(clause)。

由于我们已经对词组很熟悉,我们在这里不再讨论,而我们在这一章将多多介绍子句的用法。

10§1 问题型式的名词子句

假如我们说〝我不知道他住在哪里〞,或者〝他究竟住在哪里仍是个谜〞,我们就可以用这种问题型式的名词子句,每一个名词子句都要用who, where, whether, which等来开始。以下是典型的例子:

I don't know where he came from.(我不知道他来自何处。)

Whether or not he is an American is still a secret.(他是否是个美国人仍然是个秘密。)

I will find out where he is living.(我要找出他住在哪里。)

I can not remember whether he smokes or not.(我不记得他是否吸烟。)

Please let me know how old he is.(请让我知道他多大年纪。)

Kindly tell me what you really need.(请让我知道你需要什么。)

You have to decide which book you want to buy.(你应该决定买哪一本书。)

Do you know where he is from?(你知道他是从哪里来的?)

Do you know who he is?(你知道他是谁吗?)

Please ask your brother whether he is coming or not.(请问你的兄弟他会不会来。)

When she is coming remains a puzzle.(她何时来仍然是个谜。)

I don't know what he is interested in.(我不知道他的兴趣何在。)

I don't understand what he is talking about.(我不知道他在谈什么。)

Do you know whose bicycle this is?(你知道这辆脚踏车是谁的吗?)

Do you know which country Hawaii belongs to?(你知道夏威夷属于哪一个国家吗?)

You should ask your mother where you were born.

(你应该问你的母亲你在哪里生的。)

虽然每一个名词都有问题的意义,我们却不能在名词子句中用问句的型式,因为毕竟这个名词子句仅仅是一个子句而已,它的结尾并不是〝?〞。

因此以下的句子都是错的:

*I don't know where did he come from.

*I will find out how old is he.

*Kindly tell me what do you need.

*You have to decide which book do you want to buy.

*When is he coming remains a puzzle.

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